diff --git a/tests/functional/export.sh b/tests/functional/export.sh
deleted file mode 100644
index 2238539bc..000000000
--- a/tests/functional/export.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-source common.sh
-
-clearStore
-
-outPath=$(nix-build dependencies.nix --no-out-link)
-
-nix-store --export $outPath > $TEST_ROOT/exp
-
-nix-store --export $(nix-store -qR $outPath) > $TEST_ROOT/exp_all
-
-if nix-store --export $outPath >/dev/full ; then
-    echo "exporting to a bad file descriptor should fail"
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-
-clearStore
-
-if nix-store --import < $TEST_ROOT/exp; then
-    echo "importing a non-closure should fail"
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-
-clearStore
-
-nix-store --import < $TEST_ROOT/exp_all
-
-nix-store --export $(nix-store -qR $outPath) > $TEST_ROOT/exp_all2
-
-
-clearStore
-
-# Regression test: the derivers in exp_all2 are empty, which shouldn't
-# cause a failure.
-nix-store --import < $TEST_ROOT/exp_all2
diff --git a/tests/functional/meson.build b/tests/functional/meson.build
index 052e3d66f..527ed368f 100644
--- a/tests/functional/meson.build
+++ b/tests/functional/meson.build
@@ -77,7 +77,6 @@ functional_tests_scripts = [
   'repl.sh',
   'binary-cache-build-remote.sh',
   'logging.sh',
-  'export.sh',
   'config.sh',
   'filter-source.sh',
   'misc.sh',
diff --git a/tests/functional2/store/test_export.py b/tests/functional2/store/test_export.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..327206bc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/functional2/store/test_export.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from testlib.fixtures.command import Command
+from testlib.fixtures.file_helper import with_files
+from testlib.utils import get_global_asset_pack
+from testlib.fixtures.nix import Nix
+
+
+@with_files(get_global_asset_pack("dependencies"))
+def test_export(nix: Nix):
+    out_path = nix.nix_build(["dependencies.nix", "--no-out-link"]).run().ok().stdout_plain
+
+    res = nix.nix_store(["--export", out_path]).run().ok()
+    exported = res.stdout
+
+    nix.clear_store()
+
+    res = nix.nix_store(["--import"]).with_stdin(exported).run().expect(1)
+    # importing a non-closure should fail
+    assert "does not exist in the Lix database" in res.stderr_plain
+
+
+@with_files(get_global_asset_pack("dependencies"))
+def test_export_full(nix: Nix):
+    out_path = nix.nix_build(["dependencies.nix", "--no-out-link"]).run().ok().stdout_plain
+
+    paths = nix.nix_store(["-qR", out_path]).run().ok().stdout_plain.splitlines()
+    res = nix.nix_store(["--export", *paths]).run().ok()
+    exported = res.stdout
+
+    nix.clear_store()
+
+    res = nix.nix_store(["--import"]).with_stdin(exported).run().ok()
+
+    assert set(res.stdout_plain.splitlines()) == set(paths)
+
+    res = nix.nix_store(["--export", *paths]).run().ok()
+
+    nix.clear_store()
+
+    # Regression test: the derivers in exp_all2 are empty, which shouldn't
+    # cause a failure.
+
+    res = nix.nix_store(["--import"]).with_stdin(res.stdout).run().ok()
+    assert set(res.stdout_plain.splitlines()) == set(paths)
+
+
+@with_files(get_global_asset_pack("dependencies"))
+def test_bad_fd(nix: Nix, command: Callable[[list[str]], Command]):
+    out_path = nix.nix_build(["dependencies.nix", "--no-out-link"]).run().ok().stdout_plain
+    # HACK(rootile, 2026-06): we can't pipe things into files from within our framework
+    cmd = command(["bash", "-c", 'nix-store --export "$1" > /dev/full', "nix-store", out_path])
+    res = cmd.run().expect(1)
+    assert (
+        "error: writing to file:" in res.stderr_plain
+        or "Operation not permitted" in res.stderr_plain
+    )