deprecate CA, dynamic, and impure derivations

ca derivations are what we're really after, but dynamic derivations
must also go because they depend on ca derivations. we can't easily
implement dynamic derivations any other way, so we remove them too.
impure derivations build on the content-addressed infrastructure in
ways we cannot easily detangle, so they too must go for time being.

see #815

Change-Id: If61371736dfd89cc71a1b2ae5a005757c3cb9484
(cherry picked from commit d8e2f53d07)

doc/manual/rl-next/deprecated-derivation-types.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+---
+synopsis: Deprecation of CA derivations, dynamic derivations, and impure derivations
+issues: [fj#815]
+cls: []
+significance: significant
+category: Miscellany
+credits: []
+---
+
+Content-addressed derivations are now deprecated and slated for removal in Lix 2.94.
+We're doing this because the CA derivation system has been a known cause of problems
+and inconsistencies, is unmaintained, habitually makes improving the store code very
+difficult (or blocks such improvements outright), and is beset by a number of design
+flaws that in our opinion cannot be fixed without a full reimplementation from zero.
+Dynamic derivations and impure derivations are built on the CA derivation framework,
+and owing to this they too are deprecated and slated for removal in another release.

lix/libutil/config.cc

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "lix/libutil/strings.hh"
 
 #include "lix/libutil/config-impl.hh"
+#include <mutex>
 
 namespace nix {
 
@@ -343,11 +344,31 @@ template<> std::string BaseSetting<StringSet>::to_string() const
 
 template<> ExperimentalFeatures BaseSetting<ExperimentalFeatures>::parse(const std::string & str, const ApplyConfigOptions & options) const
 {
+    auto warnDeprecated294 = [](std::once_flag & flag, std::string_view thing) {
+        std::call_once(flag, [&] {
+            warn(
+                "The %s experimental feature is deprecated and will be removed in Lix 2.94. "
+                "See https://git.lix.systems/lix-project/lix/issues/815 for more details.",
+                thing
+            );
+        });
+    };
+
     ExperimentalFeatures res{};
     for (auto & s : tokenizeString<StringSet>(str)) {
-        if (auto thisXpFeature = parseExperimentalFeature(s); thisXpFeature)
+        if (auto thisXpFeature = parseExperimentalFeature(s); thisXpFeature) {
+            if (*thisXpFeature == Xp::CaDerivations) {
+                static std::once_flag warned;
+                warnDeprecated294(warned, s);
+            } else if (*thisXpFeature == Xp::DynamicDerivations) {
+                static std::once_flag warned;
+                warnDeprecated294(warned, s);
+            } else if (*thisXpFeature == Xp::ImpureDerivations) {
+                static std::once_flag warned;
+                warnDeprecated294(warned, s);
+            }
             res = res | thisXpFeature.value();
-        else
+        } else
             warn("unknown experimental feature '%s'", s);
     }
     return res;